http://neuro.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/content/full/13/3/411

....alienists, this led them to search for body markers of mental illness. Considerations that were initially important involved facial appearance, complexion, color, temperature, and texture of skin, bodily gestures, voluntary and involuntary movement, pain, general level of energy and motivation, and parameters of respiration, pulse, digestion, and excretion....

....The mechanisms responsible for human behavior (termed adaptations or algorithms) unite aspects of brain and culture....

....culture is something external that is merely "added to" the brain's operations....one of the purely "natural" functions and operations of the brain is to produce rationality.

....diagnosis involves a careful analysis of the amalgam of meaning-creating systems referred to earlier that includes syntax, grammar, semantics, metaphor, metonymy, imaginative models of reasoning, and conventionally named objects.12–15 This system constitutes knowledge, belief, and an individual's sense of "reality" and has to be understood in order for analysis of mental content and clinical diagnosis to proceed....